ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE In today’s interconnected world, the cyber-based and data-driven dimensions of national security are continually expanding. No surprising, then, that Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) has emerged as an important and expanding dimension of security and intelligence operations. The OECD defines A.I. as a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments. There are three types of harm that can potentially stem from the design and deployment of AI systems: intended, unintended, and systemic. Within such a context – and with an eye on systemic biases inherent in A.I. design and deployments, our third report of the National Security Transparency Advisory Group (NS-TAG) set out to examine the evolving set of inter-relationships between national security authorities and racialized minorities. From a Canadian vantage point, the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) is a particularly revealing case. A recent CBC article quotes an Agency executive in acknowledging that the pandemic has enabled the agency to greatly accelerate digital strategies and break through ‘glass ceilings’ in BY JEFFREY ROY GOVERNING DIGITALLY 28 / Canadian Government Executive // October/November 2022 NATIONAL SECURITY, RACIALIZED COMMUNITIES &
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